"I have 16 children" melkam wetat 2016 wonderful testimony

"I have 16 children" melkam wetat 2016 wonderful testimony.

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Current warning message about wheat wag disease!!

#Ethiopia At present, in our country, wheat crop is widely grown by irrigation in addition to rainfed production. Pathogens play a significant role in the constraints that affect wheat production, productivity and quality. Mainly yellow. Stem and leafhoppers cause severe yield damage in wheat. 

Therefore, in order to prevent the reduction of wheat production caused by these diseases, it is necessary for our farmers and our agricultural experts to identify the symptoms of Wag disease, the ways of transmission, prevention and control methods and make the necessary preparations.

The type of diseases, their symptoms and the part of the plant where the symptoms appear

Yellow rust (Puccinia Striiformis) 

The main symptom of yellow wag is seen on the leaf, the lower part of the leaf (Leaf sheath), and as the disease spreads, it attacks the wheat head and fruit. 

The yield reduction can sometimes be as high as 100% in species susceptible to the yellow wart pathogen. This wag needs a low temperature and is generally found in high altitudes and cool climates. The optimum temperature for the growth of this disease is 10°c to 15°c.

Stem rust (Puccinia graminis)

Trunk warts are brown in color and appear as long, bumpy marks on the trunk. As the disease spreads, it also affects the head and fruit of the wheat. This wheat stem borer disease can cause up to 100% yield loss especially if it starts as an epidemic during the early growth stage of the crop. The ideal temperature for warg is between 18°c and 30°c, but the disease can also occur at temperatures between 5°c and 15°c.

Leaf rust (Puccinia triticina)

The symptoms of leaf blight of wheat are very similar to cane blight but are bright orange in color. Another characteristic that distinguishes wheat leaf beetle from sugarcane leaf beetle is that the reproductive organs (seeds) of the pathogen are dispersed from the upper edge of the leaf. 

The visible orange mark is a circular, scattered/clustered pattern on the upper part of the leaf. Because it requires a moderate temperature environment by nature, all wheat growing areas with moderate temperatures are susceptible to wheat leaf beetle disease.

Ways of exploration and defense

Exploration works

After 3 to 4 weeks of sowing, weeding should be started. The exploration is by checking the field in different directions. During the survey, it is necessary to look for the symptoms of the disease on the leaves, spikelets and the stem. 

If the wheat sown is not resistant to the disease, if the spores of the disease are in the air and the weather is favorable, the field should be checked daily.

During browsing: 

 For yellow wag, if a symptom is seen on one leaf (on one wheat plant in a wheat field) from one part of the plant/whole plant. 

 For stem warts, if one pustule appears on the stem of a wheat plant, preventive measures should be taken immediately.

Ways of protection:

Various methods can be used to prevent and control the wheat disease. 

They are: Cleaning the table and the area around the table.

• Removal of alternative host grass species/crops of WAG around wheat crop fields (barley);

• To be careful that people do not enter a field with an outbreak of the disease and enter a clean field.

• Apply urea fertilizer according to the recommendations;

• Includes spraying of fungicides.

There are different fungicides registered in our country to control the use of fungicides (Trizole and Cetrobin) for the prevention of wheatworm disease, so it is necessary to consult the local agronomist and use them in a timely and appropriate manner according to the guidelines for the use of pesticides.

                              Ministry of Agriculture

                             August 2016